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齐纳二极管是一种pn结二极管。当对pn结二极管施加反向偏置电压并增大此反向电压时,电流会在某个电压(齐纳电压/击穿电压)处急剧增大。齐纳二极管是利用此特性产生恒定电压的二极管。
一般来说,对于pn结二极管,此击穿电压为几十伏甚至更高,但由于pn结杂质浓度的优化,齐纳二极管是齐纳电压为几伏至几十伏的产品。
在齐纳二极管的击穿区域,两种击穿现象导致了电流增加:
齐纳二极管用于电压高于齐纳电压的击穿区域。齐纳二极管通过在该区域工作而用于恒压应用。
最近,此特性已用于静电放电(ESD)保护。
请注意,切勿超过绝对最大额定值,例如技术数据中描述的允许耗散值。
以下FAQ中也对齐纳击穿和雪崩击穿进行了说明。
关于产品,请参考以下链接。