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当IGBT和其它双极型器件(*1)导通时,载流子注入高电阻漂移层会导致其电阻率降低。这称为电导率调制。
IGBT和其它高压开关器件中的N漂移层很厚,掺杂浓度低。因此,N漂移层的电阻率极高。当栅极-发射极和集电极-发射极通路发生正偏置时,IGBT导通,如下所示。此时,空穴从集电极P区经N区注入N-区。因此,高电阻N-区中的载流子浓度增加,导致其电阻率降低。最后,其正向电压降减小,使IGBT成为具有低导通电压的开关器件。
导通期间的这种电导率增加(即电阻率降低)即称为电导率调制。
(*1)双极型器件作为一种半导体器件,同时将电子和空穴用作电荷载流子进行电流导通。相反,MOSFET等单极器件仅使用一种类型的电荷载流子。