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通常,理想状态为放大器既不影响前级电路,又不受后级电路影响。 因此,放大器应具有高输入阻抗和低输出阻抗。
运算放大器的特性接近这些要求。下面比较了理想和实际运算放大器:
尽管现实中不存在理想运算放大器,但您可在设计阶段的早期假设理想运算放大器。
但在进入详细设计阶段后,您应考虑理想运算放大器与实际运算放大器之间的差异。
例如,如果运算放大器的输入阻抗较低,则其输入电压来自该运算放大器的输入阻抗以及前级设备的输出阻抗。运算放大器的低输入阻抗也会影响其反馈回路。
如果运算放大器的输出阻抗不为零,则其输出电压来自该运算放大器的输出阻抗及其负载的阻抗。
但在典型应用中,运算放大器的输入阻抗与前面电路的输入阻抗相比可忽略不计,而输出阻抗与后级负载的阻抗相比也可忽略不计。因此,这些阻抗通常没有重大影响。上面显示的其它参数亦如此。。
在开始详细设计时考虑它们的影响。
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