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当输出电压(VOUT)> 输入电压(VIN)时,反向电流阻断电路会阻断从VOUT引脚反向流向VIN引脚的电流。
东芝的负载开关IC提供两种类型的反向电流阻断电路:
a)仅当负载开关IC关断时才会激活反向电流阻断
当MOS传输晶体管关断时,VIN会低于VOUT,以防止反向电流从VOUT引脚流向VIN引脚。当MOS传输晶体管导通时,反向电流阻断会被禁用。
b)真正的反向电流阻断
真正的反向电流阻断功能可防止反向电流从VOUT引脚流向VIN引脚,无论MOS传输晶体管导通还是关断。当VOUT比VIN高出VRB(反向阻断电压阈值)时,启用反向电流阻断电路;当VOUT比VIN低VRBR(反向阻断释放电压阈值)时,禁用反向电流阻断电路。
下图显示了具有真正反向电流阻断功能的负载开关IC的反向电流特性。如红线(#1)所示,随着VOUT与VIN(VOUT – VIN)之间的差异增大,IREVERSE相应增大。当VOUT – VIN达到大约40mV的A点时,将启用反向电流阻断,阻断IREVERSE。当VIN比VOUT高出大约30mV(在B点)时,如绿线(#2)所示,反向电流阻断会被禁用,导致电流再次开始从VIN引脚流向VOUT引脚。