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图(a)显示了作为软开关应用示例的电压谐振电磁炉的示意图。图(b)显示了其操作和波形。
在图(a)的电路中,当IGBT导通时,电流流过加热线圈(L1)。当IGBT关断时,L1和C1进入谐振状态,从而向IGBT施加正弦电压。L1和C1之间的谐振方向转向,导致C1电压抵消C2电压。当C1电压超过C2电压时,电流开始流过C1-C2-FWD-C1回路。在此期间,IGBT的集电极-发射极电压等于续流二极管(FWD)的正向电压(VF),几乎为零。此时,IGBT重新导通。最后,电流再次从输入侧流过加热线圈(L1)。重复此顺序。
电压谐振电路价廉物美,因为它不需要很多组件。然而,当系统需要高功率时,需通过耐压强度非常高的IGBT来处理高谐振电压。因此,在许多感应式家用电器(功率:100V交流时高达1.5kW;200V交流时高达3kW)中使用了电压谐振电路。输入侧的滤波电容器(C2)的电容较低,因为它在单个脉冲周期内接收电力。C2两端的电压具有全正弦波形,从而导致输入侧的功率因数较高。因此,使用电压谐振电路无需功率因数校正(PFC)电路。
重复步骤1至3。