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当MOSFET的栅极-源极电压超过某个电压(阈值电压,|Vth|)时,漏极-源极电阻减小,使得MOSFET导通。这种漏极-源极电阻称为导通电阻。
n沟道和p沟道MOSFET的栅极和源极之间施加的电压方向不同。下图显示了MOSFET导通的条件。
N沟道MOSFET:当栅极电压比源极电压高|Vth|时,n沟道MOSFET导通。
P沟道MOSFET:当栅极电压比源极电压低|Vth|时,p沟道MOSFET导通。
下图显示了反相器,它是CMOS逻辑IC的基本组成部分。
当VIN处于VCC或GND电平时,p沟道或n沟道MOSFET均关断。因此,VCC和GND之间只有很小的电流(ICC)流过。当输入处于稳定状态时(处于VCC或GND电平),ICC非常低。
下图显示了CMOS的VIN-ICC曲线。
当VIN介于0和|Vth|之间或VCC-|Vth|和VCC之间时,VCC和GND之间只有很小的电流(ICC)流过。但是,当VIN介于|Vth|和VCC-|Vth|之间时,直通电流从p沟道MOSFET到n沟道MOSFET,从而增加了ICC。因此,应注意确保避免对于VIN的输入变化过慢。